I p\u0159esto, \u017ee jsme si dote\u010f mysleli, \u017ee Izrael je demokratick\u00e1 ba\u0161ta na st\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b (j\u00e1 to tak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal), te\u010f se jej\u00ed soudn\u00ed syst\u00e9m zm\u00edt\u00e1 v ohro\u017een\u00ed. K tomu, abychom pochopili politick\u00fd chod Izraele se poj\u010fme vr\u00e1tit v \u010dase, abychom si \u0159ekli, co by spr\u00e1vn\u011b demokratick\u00e1 zem\u011b p\u0159i sv\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00ed d\u011blat nem\u011bla.<\/p>\n
\u00dastava, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed psan\u00e1 a jednokomorov\u00fd parlament<\/strong><\/p>\n Prvn\u00ed probl\u00e9m Izraele, kter\u00fd sah\u00e1 a\u017e do jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed (1948),\u00a0 bylo vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u00fastavy jako\u017eto n\u011bjak\u00e1 formy regulace moci. Probl\u00e9m je to, \u017ee p\u0159esn\u011b v t\u00e9 dob\u011b se v Izraeli za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed r\u00fdsovat dv\u011b naprosto odli\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e9 se nedok\u00e1zaly na \u00fastav\u011b nijak shodnout, proto\u017ee \u017eidovsk\u00e1 men\u0161ina odm\u00edtala dokument, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autoritu ne\u017e \u017eidovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 texty. Tohle se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b parlament sna\u017eil vy\u0159e\u0161it kompromisem, kter\u00fd by dovolil n\u011bkolik nepsan\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f kter\u00e9 by p\u0159edstavovaly ty \u00fastavn\u00ed. Tohle v\u0161ak ned\u011bl\u00e1 zdaleka takov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, jako sp\u00ed\u0161 to, \u017ee Izrael nem\u00e1 dvoukomorov\u00fd parlament.<\/p>\n Dvoukomorov\u00fd parlament je vlastn\u011b koncept kter\u00fd se nap\u0159. nach\u00e1z\u00ed u n\u00e1s v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. M\u00e1me zde Sen\u00e1t a Poslaneckou sn\u011bmovnu, a i p\u0159esto, \u017ee dost lid\u00ed nad\u00e1v\u00e1 na Sen\u00e1t a jeho \u00fa\u010del v legislativn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, st\u00e1le mus\u00edme br\u00e1t v potaz to, \u017ee sen\u00e1t m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f. (viz. graf z www.psp.cz)<\/p>\n Bohu\u017eel tohle Izrael nem\u00e1, d\u00edky tomu zde vlastn\u011b nen\u00ed jak\u00e1si „validace“ dan\u00e9ho z\u00e1konu v legislativn\u00edm procesu. A vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inu v poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b, nen\u00ed pak probl\u00e9m protla\u010dit z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd by se dan\u00e9 stran\u011b nejv\u00edce hodil.<\/p>\n Poj\u010fme v\u0161ak zp\u00e1tky do sou\u010dasnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je v Izraeli \u00dastavn\u00ed soud (stejn\u011b jako v ka\u017ed\u00e9 jin\u00e9 demokratick\u00e9 zemi), kter\u00fd je vlastn\u011b jak\u00e1si pojistka k tomu, aby se neprohlasoval z\u00e1kon kter\u00fd je v rozporu s demokratick\u00fdmi hodnotami. Te\u010f se v\u0161ak v Izraelsk\u00e9m parlamentu projedn\u00e1v\u00e1 reforma, kter\u00e1 by omezila \u00fastavn\u00ed soud a umo\u017enila by p\u0159ehlasov\u00e1n\u00ed parlamentem.<\/p>\n Nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed body reformy tak jsou:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n U\u017e tyto samotn\u00e9 body zn\u00ed dosti hroziv\u011b, proto\u017ee dovoluj\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b manipulovat se soudy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 vl\u00e1da ned\u00e1vno odvolala izraelsk\u00e9ho ministra obrany, kter\u00fd ost\u0159e kritizoval reformu. N\u011bkolik t\u011bchto krok\u016f izraelsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy u\u017e sta\u010dilo k tomu, aby izrael\u0161t\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 vy\u0161li do ulic a za\u010dali protestovat proti krok\u016fm vl\u00e1dy. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee protesty obyvatelstva a z\u00e1rove\u0148 odvol\u00e1n\u00ed ministra obrany m\u011bly dosti velk\u00fd vliv na stabilitu Izraele a jeho obranyschopnost v p\u00e1smu Gazy, kter\u00fd vyu\u017eili \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci z teroristick\u00e9 organizace Ham\u00e1s a vyp\u00e1lili n\u011bkolik raket na c\u00edle nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Izraeli, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u011bkolik z nich zas\u00e1hly sv\u00e9 c\u00edle. A u\u017e v\u016fbec politick\u00e9 situaci mezi Izraelem a Palestinou nepomohly dal\u0161\u00ed razie v me\u0161it\u011b Al-Aqsa, kde se zrovna v tuhle dobu slav\u00ed muslimsk\u00fd sv\u00e1tek ramad\u00e1n.<\/p>\n Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed vl\u00e1da nachv\u00edli n\u00e1vrh reformy odlo\u017eila a ministra obrany povolala zp\u00e1tky do funkce. Ale nebude trvat dlouho, kdy se Izrael zase ocitne na rozcestn\u00edku mezi demokratickou a totalitaristickou vl\u00e1dou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z v\u00e1s ur\u010dit\u011b ze zpr\u00e1v sly\u0161ela o n\u00e1siln\u00fdch protestech v Izraeli, kter\u00e9 te\u010f proch\u00e1zej\u00ed celou zem\u00ed. Co se stalo, \u017ee museli obyvatel\u00e9 Izraele vyj\u00edt do ulic? Jak\u00fd krok podnikla vl\u00e1da Izraele natolik, \u017ee mezi sebou znovu pobou\u0159ila parlament a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i lid? Reformy? I p\u0159esto, \u017ee jsme si dote\u010f mysleli, \u017ee Izrael […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":3307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,55],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3305"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3305"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3330,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3305\/revisions\/3330"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/schema_bezne_zakony.jpg\")
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