{"id":2916,"date":"2019-10-19T14:10:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-19T14:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/?p=735"},"modified":"2023-04-01T16:35:29","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T16:35:29","slug":"iran-pohledem-evropana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/?p=2916","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdr\u00e1n pohledem Evropana"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cdr\u00e1n, zem\u011b, kterou si mnoz\u00ed p\u0159edstav\u00ed jako zemi posetou teroristy, je i zem\u00ed kr\u00e1sy a um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\">\r\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-791\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Amir-Kabir-Hostel-Isfahan-Site-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<figcaption>\u00cdr\u00e1n \/ amirkabirhostel.com<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>P\u00e1r informac\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Zem\u011b le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b s 86 miliony obyvatel, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto je Teher\u00e1n s 10 miliony obyvatel, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u011bstem sv\u011bta. \u00cdr\u00e1n m\u00e1 za sebou dlouholetou historii, kter\u00e1 ovlivnila \u00cdr\u00e1n jak v\u00edce tak m\u00e9n\u011b.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Historie<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>V\u0161e to za\u010dalo kr\u00e1lem K\u00fdrosem II. z rodu Achaimenovc\u016f &#8211; ti postupem \u010dasu vybojovali \u0159\u00ed\u0161i obrovsk\u00e9 rozlohy do kter\u00e9 pat\u0159il Egypt, Mal\u00e1 Asie (<em>Turecko<\/em>), \u00cdr\u00e1n, S\u00fdrie, \u00cdr\u00e1k, Afg\u00e1nist\u00e1n a P\u00e1kist\u00e1n. Pat\u0159ili k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm dobyvatel\u016fm sv\u00e9 doby.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-795\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ImperioAquem\u00e9nida500AC.svg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>\u00cdr\u00e1n za vl\u00e1dy Achaimenovc\u016f \/ WIKIMEDIA COMMONS<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Persii pak obsadil Alexandr Makedonsk\u00fd, kter\u00fd zni\u010dil tehdej\u0161\u00ed hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Persepolis.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zm\u011bna v \u00cdr\u00e1nu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Te\u010f se ale p\u0159esouv\u00e1me do 20.stolet\u00ed, kde vl\u00e1dne \u0161\u00e1h R\u00e9za Ch\u00e1n z dynastie Pahlav\u00ed, kter\u00fd se p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u00ed k zem\u00edm jako je Brit\u00e1nie a SSSR. Pak se ale R\u00e9za Ch\u00e1n za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u011bt k N\u011bmecku, a Rusk\u00e9 a Anglick\u00e9 vztahy postupn\u011b miz\u00ed. Po vypuknut\u00ed 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, a za\u010d\u00e1tky vl\u00e1dy Hitlera v N\u011bmecku se SSSR a Anglie za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00e1t jejich pozice v \u00cdr\u00e1nu. Proto hned na to vtrhnou Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 a Anglick\u00e1 vojska do \u00cdr\u00e1nu a p\u0159inut\u00ed \u0161\u00e1ha aby rezignoval. Hned po tom se na tr\u016fn dostane Muhammad R\u00e9za Pahlav\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u0159inese \u00cdr\u00e1nu modernizaci a novou politiku.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8222;Loutka&#8220; americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Toho \u010dasu se Americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da vrh\u00e1 do politick\u00e9 situace v \u00cdr\u00e1nu, a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 Muhammada R\u00e9zu Pahlav\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvat pro rozvoj jejich politiky na St\u0159edn\u00edm V\u00fdchod\u011b. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd lid si ale v\u0161\u00edm\u00e1 politick\u00e9ho d\u011bn\u00ed a za\u010dne se bou\u0159it. Muhammad ale pouze cht\u011bl zmodernizovat \u00cdr\u00e1n a p\u0159iv\u00e9st ho k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu rozmachu, bohu\u017eel lid si toto neuv\u011bdomoval. \u0160\u00e1h\u016fv re\u017eim ale nebyl zrovna nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v \u00cdr\u00e1nu byla t\u0159eba taky tajn\u00e1 policie a 2500 politick\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 revoluce<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>V roce 1979 se p\u0159ihodily masivn\u00ed protesty proti \u0161\u00e1hovi a \u0161\u00e1h pak p\u0159e\u0161el do exilu. P\u0159evrat byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd a k moci se dostal Ajatoll\u00e1h Ruholl\u00e1h Chomejn\u00ed kter\u00fd zformoval teokratickou vl\u00e1du kter\u00e1 za\u010dala poru\u0161ovat lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ukon\u010dila vztahy s USA, Evropou a okoln\u00edm sv\u011btem a dostala k isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 ideologii. \u017deny musely za\u010d\u00edt nosit \u0161\u00e1tky, byla zak\u00e1zan\u00e1 ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 hudba, \u017eeny nesm\u011bly vstupovat na stadion (te\u010f u\u017e kone\u010dn\u011b mohou), atd. Z 2500 politick\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f se po\u010det dostal na 3200, lidi se bezd\u016fvodn\u011b zat\u00fdkaj\u00ed. Tyto v\u011bci se d\u011bj\u00ed dodnes.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-793\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/iranEdit234copy-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Protesty proti \u0161\u00e1hovi, na obr\u00e1zku m\u016f\u017eeme taky vid\u011bt podobu Ajatoll\u00e1ha Ruholl\u00e1ha Chomejn\u00edho \/ WIKIMEDIA COMMONS<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-794\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Iranian-Revolution.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Protest\u016f se \u00fa\u010dastnily miliony lid\u00ed \/ WIKIMEDIA COMMONS<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dopad na dne\u0161n\u00ed politiku<\/strong> <strong>a \u00cdr\u00e1n jako takov\u00fd<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Po revoluci se vztahy mezi \u00cdr\u00e1nem a USA hodn\u011b zhor\u0161ily, v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b dostal \u00cdr\u00e1n spoustu sankc\u00ed kter\u00e9 se na \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ekonomice hodn\u011b podepsaly, dnes u\u017e se intenzita sankc\u00ed zmen\u0161ila, po\u0159\u00e1d ale jsou. Asi 5 mili\u00f3n\u016f lid\u00ed z \u00cdr\u00e1nu \u017eije mimo \u00cdr\u00e1n. Posledn\u00ed dobou se ale zved\u00e1 po\u010det protest\u016f. Sev\u0159en\u00ed \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy tak\u00e9 velmi lehce povoluje, \u017eeny kone\u010dn\u011b po 40 letech mohou na fotbalov\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-796\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5066781_.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>P\u0159ed revoluc\u00ed mohly \u017eeny nosit kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 sukn\u011b a oble\u010den\u00ed jak cht\u011bly, dnes mus\u00ed nosit bu\u010f burku nebo hid\u017e\u00e1b \/ REFLEX<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u011bsta<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Kr\u00e1sn\u00fdch m\u011bst je v \u00cdr\u00e1nu hned n\u011bkolik, jako t\u0159eba \u0160\u00edr\u00e1z, Isfah\u00e1n, S\u016fsy nebo Teher\u00e1n.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Teher\u00e1n:<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-797\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/teheran_01-99-1024x787.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u011b\u017e teher\u00e1nu je Milad tower, kter\u00e1 je na obr\u00e1zku \/ stoplusjednicka.cz<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-798\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Tehran_skyline_may_2007.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>\u0158\u00edkali jste si \u017ee Teher\u00e1n je pustina bez obyvatel? \/ WIKIMEDIA COMMONS<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Isfah\u00e1n:<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-799\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/201804080455188194-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed cel\u00e9ho Isfah\u00e1nu, kde se nej\u010dast\u011bji projevuje Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 architektura \/ repository.mysalaam.com<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-800\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Khaju-Bridge-01-1024x446.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>nebo turisty obl\u00edben\u00fd Khaju bridge, kter\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed k nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mosty sv\u011bta \/ apochi.com<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160\u00edr\u00e1z:<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-801\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Eram-Garden-is-a-historic-Persian-garden-in-Shiraz-Iran-1-1030x692-1024x688.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Podobn\u00e9 architektury je tady doopravdy spousta \/ steemitimages.com<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cdr\u00e1n, zem\u011b, kterou si mnoz\u00ed p\u0159edstav\u00ed jako zemi posetou teroristy, je i zem\u00ed kr\u00e1sy a um\u011bn\u00ed. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":776,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[126,227,247,248],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2916"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2916"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2916\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}