{"id":2691,"date":"2023-02-04T13:12:43","date_gmt":"2023-02-04T12:12:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/?p=2691"},"modified":"2023-04-01T17:35:45","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T17:35:45","slug":"chatgpt-dobry-pomocnik-nebo-naznak-hrozby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/?p=2691","title":{"rendered":"ChatGPT: dobr\u00fd pomocn\u00edk, nebo n\u00e1znak hrozby?"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.2 - 29-01-2023 *\/<br \/>\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\n<p>Posledn\u00ed dobou internetem trenduje velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence vydan\u00e1 organizac\u00ed OpenAI. I p\u0159esto, \u017ee byla vydan\u00e1 relativn\u011b ned\u00e1vno, se prakticky hned stala nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm t\u00e9matem. Za posledn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce si s t\u00edmhle programem pohr\u00e1ly miliony lid\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch profes\u00ed. Jako nap\u0159\u00edklad studenti, pro kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017ee ChatGPT napsat t\u0159eba slohovou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.2 - 29-01-2023 *\/<br \/>\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style>\n<h2>OpenAI? ChatGPT?<\/h2>\n<p>O ChatGPT jste ur\u010dit\u011b sly\u0161eli, pokud jste teda ne\u017eili pod kamenem nebo nem\u00e1te doma zaveden\u00fd internet. I p\u0159esto zde stru\u010dn\u011b shnu, o co se jedn\u00e1:<\/p>\n<p><strong>OpenAI<\/strong>, neziskov\u00e1 organizace pro v\u00fdzkum um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed mezi \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 instituce pro v\u00fdvoj v oboru AI, si vyty\u010dila za c\u00edl &#8222;pokra\u010dovat ve v\u00fdzkumu um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence s pozitivn\u00edm dopadem na lidstvo&#8220;. Mnoho zam\u011bstnanc\u016f OpenAI se toti\u017e ob\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017ee by mohla p\u0159ij\u00edt situace, ve kter\u00e9 lidstvo ztrat\u00ed moc nad v\u00fdvojem AI a dostane se do bodu ve kter\u00e9m p\u0159ijde vyhynut\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 rasy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ChatGPT<\/strong>, nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed model zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho jazyka\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (NLP &#8211; <em>natural language processing<\/em>), postaven na architektu\u0159e GPT-3 (dodnes nejlep\u0161\u00ed transformer na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di). Samotn\u00e1 neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 m\u00e1 n\u011bco okolo 80-100 miliard neuron\u016f a 175 miliard synaps\u00ed (propojen\u00ed neuron\u016f), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e lidsk\u00fd mozek m\u00e1 okolo 86 miliard a 100 bilion\u016f synaps\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Do budoucna se pl\u00e1nuje vydat model GPT-4, kter\u00fd by se m\u011bl st\u00e1t nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed neuronovou s\u00edt\u00ed, s 100 biliony synaps\u00ed, t\u00edm p\u00e1dem by se poprv\u00e9 kapacita um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence rovnala t\u00e9 na\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nutno p\u0159ipomenouti, ChatGPT se tr\u00e9noval offline pomoc\u00ed dat z internetu (offline learning &#8211; <em>neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 se tr\u00e9nuje pouze jednou a pak u\u017e se p\u0159\u00edmo d\u00e1v\u00e1 do produkce<\/em>, online learning &#8211; <em>tr\u00e9nuje se postupn\u011b na datech, u\u010d\u00ed se prakticky po\u0159\u00e1d<\/em>), dataset m\u011bl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 570 GB textu z knih, webu, v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a wikipedie.<\/p>\n<h2>Je jich v\u00edc<\/h2>\n<p>ChatGPT nen\u00ed jedin\u00e1, kter\u00e1 p\u0159inesla automatizaci do na\u0161eho \u017eivota. Postupn\u011b si m\u016f\u017eeme v\u0161imnout dal\u0161\u00edch neuronov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00e1 pom\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00ed v jin\u00e9m oboru. P\u00e1r z nich tady tak\u00e9 zm\u00edn\u00edm:<\/p>\n<p><strong>DALL-E<\/strong> &#8211; Neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 tak\u00e9 vydan\u00e1 organizac\u00ed OpenAI, zam\u011b\u0159uje se na generaci obr\u00e1zku z textu<\/p>\n<p><strong>MidJourney<\/strong> &#8211; Podobn\u00e9 d\u011bl\u00e1 i MidJourney Bot, tahle neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 (kter\u00e1 sice nen\u00ed tak velk\u00e1 jako DALL-E), rozd\u00edl mezi DALL-E a Midjourney je takov\u00fd, \u017ee MidJourney se zam\u011b\u0159uje v\u00edce na malby zat\u00edmco DALL-E v\u00edce na fotorealisti\u010dnost<\/p>\n<p><strong>Github Copilot<\/strong> &#8211; Z t\u00e9to neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b nejv\u00edce profituj\u00ed program\u00e1to\u0159i :). Jedn\u00e1 se toti\u017e o jak\u00e9hosi pomocn\u00edka p\u0159i programov\u00e1n\u00ed, se kter\u00fdm se bav\u00edte skrz koment\u00e1\u0159e u va\u0161eho k\u00f3du a on v\u00e1m tak nap\u00ed\u0161e \u010d\u00e1st k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd zrovna po\u017eadujete (nejde aplikovat na slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my typu &#8222;hackni NASA&#8220;). Samotn\u00e1 neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 byla natr\u00e9nov\u00e1na na otev\u0159en\u00fdch projektech ze str\u00e1nky <a title=\"github.com\" href=\"https:\/\/www.github.com\">github.com<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Etika u um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/h2>\n<p>Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina (ne li v\u0161echny) organizac\u00ed v\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1stroj um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence se d\u00e1 velmi jednodu\u0161e zneu\u017e\u00edt, a d\u00edky tomu se sna\u017e\u00ed zamezit vstup\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by mohly zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinit extr\u00e9mn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Nap\u0159.: s ChatGPT nem\u016f\u017eete debatovat o Bohu, smyslu \u017eivota, \u010di n\u00e1zoru na lidskou rasu. U DALL-E a Midjourney nem\u016f\u017eete generovat NSFW \u010di obrazy boha a dal\u0161\u00edch biblick\u00fdch pojm\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>I tak se ale najdou lid\u00e9, kter\u00fdm se povede tyhle omezen\u00ed obej\u00edt pomoc\u00ed relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00fdch trik\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"ChatGPT about good scientists\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uHLdiJW9H9M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.2 - 29-01-2023 *\/<br \/>\n.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-container{position:static}.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-container .swiper-slide figure{line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-slide{text-align:center}.elementor-image-carousel-wrapper:not(.swiper-container-initialized) .swiper-slide{max-width:calc(100% \/ var(--e-image-carousel-slides-to-show, 3))}<\/style>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FjJorGTVIAAeSJy-1-1.png\" alt=\"FjJorGTVIAAeSJy\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FjJtGTGVUAA09u3-1-1.png\" alt=\"FjJtGTGVUAA09u3\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FjJoi1kVEAAyKDO-1-1.png\" alt=\"FjJoi1kVEAAyKDO\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FjJsVm7UUAAmKSB-1-1.png\" alt=\"FjJsVm7UUAAmKSB\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mikulasskydenik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FjJoaCpUcAIns_D-1-1.png\" alt=\"FjJoaCpUcAIns_D\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>P\u0159edchoz\u00ed<br \/>\nDal\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a title=\"twitter.com\/spiantado\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/spiantado\/status\/1599462375887114240\">twitter.com\/spiantado<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Nutno v\u0161ak \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee OpenAI opravilo chybu hned potom co se zve\u0159ejnila na twitter, tak\u017ee u\u017e nejde reprodukovat. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se tak\u00e9 zjistilo, \u017ee k tomu, aby se tento v\u00fdstup stal, se mus\u00ed po\u017eadavek n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t opakovat.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u00e9 bych r\u00e1d p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edznak zdaleka neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ChatGPT nen\u00ed xenofobn\u00ed, atd. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee ChatGPT bylo nau\u010deno na spoustu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f z wikipedie a jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Se zde tak\u00e9 um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence nau\u010dila i o rasov\u00fdch segregac\u00edch, holocaustu, atd. Proto sp\u00ed\u0161e tento probl\u00e9m souvis\u00ed se samotn\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem, kter\u00fd vlastn\u011b pouze po\u017eaduje n\u011bjak\u00fd logick\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br, kter\u00fd si um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence musela n\u011bjak naj\u00edt.<\/p>\n<h2>Plagi\u00e1torstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Bohu\u017eel se ChatGPT za\u010dala zneu\u017e\u00edvat i pro psan\u00ed esej\u016f, slohov\u00fdch prac\u00ed i akademick\u00fdch prac\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu se stalo plagi\u00e1torstv\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem, proto\u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed syst\u00e9m nem\u00e1 jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b tento probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161it. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed (pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161 nane\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed), OpenAI za\u010dalo pracovat na softwaru kter\u00fd by m\u011bl determinovat zda-li byl text vygenerov\u00e1n um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed software pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad <a title=\"GPTZero\" href=\"https:\/\/gptzero.me\/\">GPTZero<\/a>, kter\u00fd byl vytvo\u0159en studentem z Princetonsk\u00e9 univerzity<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>I p\u0159esto, \u017ee dosavadn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence tr\u00e1p\u00ed probl\u00e9my, u\u017e te\u010f m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt, jak se automatizace pomalu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dost\u00e1vat do na\u0161ich \u017eivot\u016f, a v jist\u00e9m je m\u011bnit k lep\u0161\u00edmu. Jako tomu je nap\u0159\u00edklad v l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed, programov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. Tak\u017ee v\u011b\u0159\u00edm tomu, \u017ee se do budoucna m\u00e1me na co t\u011b\u0161it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Posledn\u00ed dobou internetem trenduje velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence vydan\u00e1 organizac\u00ed OpenAI. I p\u0159esto, \u017ee byla vydan\u00e1 relativn\u011b ned\u00e1vno, se prakticky hned stala nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm t\u00e9matem. Za posledn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce si s t\u00edmhle programem pohr\u00e1ly miliony lid\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch profes\u00ed. Jako nap\u0159\u00edklad studenti, pro kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017ee ChatGPT napsat t\u0159eba slohovou pr\u00e1ci. OpenAI? ChatGPT? O ChatGPT jste ur\u010dit\u011b sly\u0161eli, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2692,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2691"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2691\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2692"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/denik.mikulasske.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}